Geologic mapping is a fundamental tool used in the field of geology to study and understand the Earth's surface and subsurface. It involves the systematic observation, recording, and analysis of the distribution and characteristics of different rock types, structures, and other geological features within a specified area. Geologic maps provide valuable information about the Earth's history, tectonic processes, and potential natural hazards. This information is essential for various applications, such as mineral exploration, environmental management, and land-use planning. Geologic mapping is typically conducted through fieldwork, aerial photography, remote sensing, and geophysical surveys.